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This is a broad category of sweet or savory mixtures encased in dough, such as those found in empanadas, turnovers, or strudels. Common fillings include spiced meats, seasoned vegetables, fruits, or sweet cheeses, with recipes varying widely by region. It is a staple culinary concept found in many global cuisines, from Latin America to Eastern Europe.
Nutritional content varies significantly by filling, but savory versions often provide protein and fats, while sweet versions are typically high in carbohydrates and sugars. A single turnover or pastry can range from 200 to 400 calories, depending on the dough and filling.
The concept of enclosing a filling in dough is one of the oldest and most universal culinary techniques, with nearly every culture having its own version. It is a practical way to preserve and transport food, often becoming a symbol of comfort and home cooking.